Introduction about devara pak co.
Introduction ::
Company Devara Pak for mine action is one of the local companies that are removing mines and UXO at the level of the Kurdistan Region and have ability to operate internationally
The clearance section was added to the company which have best qualified to undertake the management of this Project in the removal of mines, and also this project includes the following works:
Manual Clearance through excavation (this work is being done in the fields or a section of the Field contaminated by mines or UXOs (in the case of increasing rates of minerals in the ground
And the difficulty of the use of metal detector devices because of the increased pollution under the surface of the ground.
Removal through the use of metal detector devices in those fields that are pollution Minerals are few.
Removal using the mechanical where it is used in fields that are non-mining and UXO under the surface that are deeper than usual according to the rules and International mine action standards (IMAS).
Removal using trained dogs (MDD) are used in areas suspect not contain
Mines and other dangerous objects in those areas with high rates of metals under the Ground level.
Operation on destroying mines and UXOs daily or as detection and according to circumstances detection and weather conditions are explosive or dismantled as International mine action standards (IMAS).
clearance of wars sites( BAC ) this system is used in those lands that
Left over from wars, which left the mines and UXOs.
Using the technical survey is used this way in those places suspected to contain On mines and UXOs.
Organizational structure of theDevara pak CO DEMINING BRANCH:
Company consists DEVARA PAK CO. from the Department of advisors as a reference of all counseling phase, which consists of.
Quality of work carried out by
Devara Pak Company:
The method of work by excavations
Practice is to work through the full excavations because of the difficulties that are encountered because of the large number of minerals in a small space, which lead to the impossibility of the use of clearance methods
The other way is one of the most difficult and slower way to clear up.
Before starting the excavation the depth to which the search must take place must be carefully considered. Antipersonnel mines are usually laid at a depth of less than 10cm, but local topography can result in soil shifting that may have buried the mines to a greater depth, especially when working on steep gradients.
The starting point should be selected inside the known safe area. A trench 1m to 1 .2m wide and to the required depth, usually 13 cm, and dug alongside the line marking the boundary of safe and dangerous ground. The trench should be at least l metre from front to rear, to ensure that the de-miner can squat on the trench floor.
The digging of the initial trench can be carried out using spades or hoes for speed since the area falls inside safe ground.
To advance the excavation into the dangerous area, the de-miner uses a trowel to scrape the front face of the trench away. The soil must be removed using a sideways action to ensure that there is no danger of pressure being put onto the top of a mine. As the soil is removed it falls to the bottom of the trench and is scooped backwards to join the spoil heap behind the de-miner.
Cutting tools including hacksaws and bolt croppers should be available for use against thick roots that may be found during the work.
Care should be taken in particularly soft soil to ensure that excavation does not result in a collapse of soil with each sweep, possibly resulting in a booby-trapped mine falling off a pressure release device.
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You must use the following mechanisms during drilling to provide hazardous area:
A. Must remain within the anterior wedge index the bottom of the trench.
B. Possible to provide a excavation center display area of 30 cm and to a distance of 30 cm from the wedge
Indicator front. The remaining aspects of the process of drilling these can be drilled so as to approach
Aspects of the left and right of the initial excavations.
C. If the area / corridor adjacent to the former have been cleared can then begin the process of
excavation of this area by working left or right along the trench as long as it does not exceed 30
Cm behind the anterior wedge index.
D. The cutting tools including metal saws, scissors large bolts Bolt Cropper
Must be available on the site for use in cutting thick roots that can be
Encountered during work. It takes take care when using cutting tools and scissors screws
To remove large roots and other materials, except for mine and the UXOs
E. The bottom of the trench should be checked electronically when you start digging. If there are still reading at a depth of more than 13 cm must Remover
then excavation 13 cm, where the de-miner will verify the reading. If
there is still a riding in greater depth will determine the group leader / team leader in if there is a need to dig more.
If the trench depth of 13 cm filled with readings can be the leader of the site to decide excavation down to 20 cm. If there were still signs of a metal detector will super visor determines the required depth without the electronic search. Super visor will assess the depth of excavation on a daily basis.
G. Examples illustrate the time they are resorting to the use of this procedure:
1. Did not reach the depth of drilling to the level of the original surface due to flooding Seasonal.
2. Possible that soil may be deposited by the machine( Machinery ) after it has been Place the field.
Any other unusual circumstances which may require drilling to a depth of more. In such situations The decision to excavation in more depth require an amendment to replant the site plan.
Removal processes in a way to use
Metal detector devices:
Are used in areas that are contaminated with metals at rates that few
Mine clearance operations by the DEVARA PAK. CO teams Subject to the limitations of the equipment, terrain and soil conditions. The difference will be in front of a few options for where the clearance process will allow them to carry out the most efficiency and safety in any of the sites. The system is the most efficient system will be safer and not necessarily
The fastest system. The speed in clearance will never be allowed to compromise on safety.
Must carry out the task the way that paves the way in which the methods used for the team in order to reach production targets, which have been identified in the plan of clearance the field which in turn form the basis of the implementation plan.
Implementation plan: ........................................................................................................................
The methods available to the DEVARA PAK. CO can also be combined with sources reducing both the areas MDD and mechanical equipment. Must be a combination of research methods acupuncture and excavation at the site in order to achieve production targets. If it is not possible to clearance the ground and down to the accepted standard agreed upon by the DEVARA PAK CO DEMINING BRANCH
Must then verify the authenticity of the site plan and submit a plan for alternative clearance by DEVARA PAK. CO referring to the changes required to complete the implementation plan.
Before you begin the clearance process will be necessary by the group leader / Team leader processes valuation in order to find out how the most efficient and most safety to be applied at the site. The verification of
Health task Verification process must be continuous for the period that it will take important because the situation is changing, and often each side. This will ensure the survival of the method adopted method more efficiency and safety. Will join the group / leader type of site assessment and soil conditions, taking into consideration the types of mines in the time it decides any way of clearance will be applied. When there is any doubt as to the types of mines in the minefield, the plan must include then the detection of mines contain less minerals and will begin the job application of the most appropriate method available. When you are sure of types of mines in each sector of the field can then just change the plan of clearance. Factors investigated with options to clear.
*The scale required for clearance is 100%, which was appointed by the technical survey (TS).
- The minimum acceptable standard of clearance will be in accordance with IMAS, as well as according to the depth of the agreed
By Devara pak CO. DEMINING BRANCH, after taking into account the limited equipment and soil conditions.
The general sequence for manual clearance with a metal detector will vary depending on the site and terrain but the following is a general guide:
1.Prepare equipment in the admin area.
2.Start up, balance and test the metal detector in the designated metal free area.
3.Move under the supervision of the Section leader to the mine testing area at the edge of the minefield.
4.Test and balance the metal detector in the test area against the buried mines.
5.Move under supervision of the Section leader to the clearance lane.
6.Rebalance the metal detector
7.Layout equipment at the start point and kneel down.
8.Carry out a visual check of the immediate area for any evidence of mines, tripwires or UXO and check for fragments of metal. Any mines, tripwires or UXO are to be reported to the Section leader.
9.Stand up and carry out a search for tripwires using 3 passes of the tripwire feeler to the left, center, right. Report any tripwires to the Section leader.
10. Conduct the search drill with the metal detector keeping the search head (2 to 5cm) from and parallel with the ground. The search should be carried out with 3 passes of the metal detector.
11. Identify any readings and their approximate location.
12. Pinpoint the reading closest to the front marker stick.
13. Gently feel around the reading, remove any surface fragments and re-check with the metal detector.
14. Using a small red stone and start excavate 15 or 25 cm depend to the type of mines, from the edge of reading (using demining ruler) back from the edge of the reading and commence prodding if the ground allows it.
15. Excavate a 13cm deep trench and work toward the reading. If the reading is deeper than 13 cm it will be necessary to re-excavate, coming back a greater distance from the edge of the reading to avoid excavating at too steep an angle.
16. If a metal fragment is uncovered, remove the fragment and re-check the area with the metal detector. If there is still a reading then continue the excavation down to 20cm. If the reading is deeper than 20cm then the Section leader must be informed.
17. If a mine, UXO or tripwire is discovered in the lane then the Section leader is to be informed immediately. When the Section leader has inspected and confirmed the item the de-mining kit is to be removed from the lane and the lane closed.
18. If the reading proves to be a fragment then move onto the next reading and carry out steps 12-17.
19. After the 30cm area is cleared, move the front marker stick forward to the 20cm mark on the clearance stick and place the clearance stick in the safe lane.
20. Commence the drills again from serials 7-19.
The Front End Loader and the Excavator (FEL& Excavator)
Phase one: site set-up:
The site layout for FEL/EX mechanical team should be placed as par as SOPs and it is the responsibility of the site supervisor/team leader at all work sites to ensure that all the requirements for a site layout are met before any work starts.
Working baseline
Inspection area
observer position to control the deminer during the checking of the contaminated soils
Workshop area for FEL/EX machines
Demolition pit
Parking machines during the operation
Medical aid areas
The following safety distances shall apply during the FEL/EX operation:
Phase two: excavation
From the known safe area the FEL/Ex machine will start to strip material to the directed default depth from the suspected mined area at 0 degrees and 1m out from the base line.
Panels no deeper than 2m into the danger area are to be excavated
The extracted soil will be stockpiled within the danger area until the Ex. prepares material for sifting.
The Ex. Will uses its bucket for massaging or (smashing) the stockpile material following sifting drills.
After preparing the unclear soil by the FEL\ EX, this soil will be sifted by the FEL bucket sifter the Check Area.
De-miners are to follow the metal detector drill during searching remaining material inside the Check Area.
If a mine discovered during manual search, the Check Area is to be closed and the item must be detonated at the end of operations.
Once inspection is over and no mine is found, the soil is to be moved from the Check Area into the designated area for stockpiling.
If the field is contain a large number of stones, those stones should be removed from the field in order to prepare the ground to be ready for handing over to the owner.
Action on detonation of a mine:
Operator stops and withdraws the machine to a safe area whereby the mechanical supervisor wearing full PPE will inspect the machine for any damage from the blast. If clear the machine will continue operations, if not it will be removed to the admin area for repair, if there was fire the operator will use immediately the extinguisher fire.
Safety during Excavation:
Personnel are not to approach and are to maintain safety distances from machines working in the danger areas.
Personnel are not to ride moving machines in any circumstances except in a casualty evacuation situation.
Phase three: sifting contaminated material extracted from the danger area:
1. Once sufficient contaminated material has been prepared by the EX the FEL will be called forward to the danger area.
2. The bucket door of FEL will be opened, the excavated soil will be taken and the door bucket door will be closed while the bucket rose up in order the soil not fall down, after that the FEL will moves towards the nearest bay.
3. In the sifting buy the bucket of FEL will be turned up and soil is to be will sifted.
4. The material will deposit in adequate portion. This process carried on till the bucket of FEL will be empty.
5. After finishing each lane the bucket of FEL should be empty. Then check twice to ensure that no mines, UXO is left also to see the machines will work properly without damages.
6. If there is extra lane this process will continue, if not, the FEL return to safe area a de-miner will approach to check the soil using mine lab and trowel.
7. The FEL and Excavator operators should always have PPE in the cabin.
8. An Observer or supervisor guides the Bucket sifter during this operation. If a large clods present he’ll call the FEL to smash it by its bucket. If he sights a mine or UXO he will act as per SOP.
Phase four - manual inspection of contaminated material
Once the remaining contaminated material after sifting is spread in an inspection area (bay) the Observer will erect a red flag to indicate that contaminated material is present.
The awaiting de-miners have the following methods available to inspect the material:
Manual Visual Inspection of screening residue; if only rocks remain after sifting, a visual check of the rocks can be done by a deminer within the inspection bay or if large clods are present after sifting, it will be checked by Mine lab or by hand trowel.
Action on discovery of a mine - The Team leader will be called forward to sight the mine, if satisfied that it is a mine he will then make a closed box (2x2m) signed by a red flag in order to identify that this area (box) contain Mine. At the end of the operation days the signed mines will be destroyed in-situ. After that the de-miner continues checking the soil.
Once inspection is over and no mines are present a green flag will be erected to indicate that the material is now safe.
Phase five - removal of cleared material:
Once inspection is complete an FEL will be called to the inspection area to recover the material whereby it will be distributed in the cleared area
Phase six - cleared land rehabilitation:
On completion of inspection of all contaminated material from the danger area and after a visual inspection of the mechanically cleared ground, the stock pile of cleared material is to be returned to the site daily or weekly, and may be redistributed in accordance with all reasonable requests of the landowner.
Recovery
The mechanical team must have several options for recovery of the machine as well procedures taking into account various scenarios and emergencies. This will allow them to implement the safest and most efficient recovery method for any given site or emergency. The most suitable recovery system will be the safest and not necessarily the fastest. Productivity must never be allowed to compromise safety.
There are many scenarios to be looked at when designing a recovery/emergency plan as no two sites or situations will be the same. It is important that a full risk assessment be carried out to identify the potential hazards and problems.
Demolition During Demining Operations
All Field Operations involving the release of land from suspected mine or UXO contamination through manual clearance operations.
To ensure that all clearance operations and UXO disposal are carried out safely and the release of land to the required quality standards.
It is the responsibility of the Executive Director, with delegated authority through Operations Officer, Supervisor, Team leaders and Section leaders to ensure that all manual clearance and UXO disposal activities are implemented in accordance with IMAS and Country Operating Procedures (KRG).
It is common that large areas contaminated with UXO's can be encountered, and such areas should use
Qualified EOD personnel. EOD teams are better equipped and trained on the removal and destruction of
UXO's, and can greatly assist de-mining teams during such tasks. DEVARA PAK. COStandard Operating Procedures
(EOD) are to be utilized when dealing with tasks requiring EOD support. When EOD teams are joint tasked and
in support to De-mining/ Survey operations, the de-mining Supervisor is in control of the task site and the
EOD supervisor must maintain technical control over his resources.
Due care must be exercised when handling explosive items and the associated accessories. Below is the list of safety precautions to be followed:
Ø Avoid storage areas at temperatures in excess of 40o C, dampness or rough handling.
Ø Protect all explosives from direct sunlight.
Ø Whenever available, keep explosives in their transportation and storage packaging.
Ø Keep Explosives packaging clean and separate from non-explosive material.
Ø Never keep paint, oil, petrol, rags, waste packing or other inflammable materials in the store.
Ø Do not store radioactive materials with explosives.
Ø Ensure that there is clear ground for at least 50m around the store.
Ø No smoking or fires within 100m of the store.
Ø Fire fighting equipment must be placed outside all stores.
Ø Do not store unexploded munitions with bulk explosives.
Must provide all the requirements of the site.
Safety
If a mine is to be pulled remotely, all personnel must be withdrawn to a safe distance. Sentries will need to be posted to ensure nobody wanders into a potentially unsafe region. PPE shall be worn during preparation of demolition charges.
In the case of the object being countermined with a small disrupting charge, again sentries will need to be posted and the local population warned. Any other organizations or individuals in the area should be warned by the most appropriate means (HF, UHF etc).
